Key takeaways
- Biometric payments allow customers to identify themselves and initiate payments based on their physical features
- This involves scanning one’s face, palm, fingerprint, voice, or iris
- JP Morgan, Amazon, and Apple are all working with biometric payments
- Biometric verification could make payments more convenient for customers and merchants if security concerns are fully addressed
What Are Biometric Payments?
Biometric payments involve verifying and identifying customers based on their physical features — usually by scanning their face, hand, fingerprint, iris, or voice.
The feature can replace or coexist with traditional payment verification features. For instance, it can work alongside two-factor authentication (2FA) or PIN entry for additional security verification.
Biometric payments offer several advantages, such as greater security, faster and more convenient payments, and a reduced need for customers to carry cards and cash.Â
Payment services that offer biometric verification may be able to do so inexpensively. These services can pass the benefits on to stores and merchants in the form of transaction fees and service fees that are lower than other payment methods.
Safety and Security Concerns of Biometric Technology
Biometric verification is highly secure. Because users must verify themselves with their unique physical features, attackers cannot steal information in the same way they might steal a payment card, PIN, or cash.
Imitation and impersonation are a limited concern with biometrics. Liveness detection, which ensures that a real person is being verified, makes it difficult to trick the system. For example, liveness detection can ensure that someone has scanned their real face rather than a photograph.
However, if biometric service providers fail to securely store customer information, attackers could breach the database and steal personal user data. Since the data in question is potentially biological features such as fingerprints or facial features, many view this as a deeper concern than traditional privacy breaches.
A database breach could expose identifying information and compromise user privacy — a significant problem even if the stolen information does not allow the attacker to perform an unauthorized payment through the biometric payment service itself.
Companies Using Biometrics
Numerous companies are using biometric technology for payments or are preparing to do so.Â
JPMorgan Chase is planning to introduce face and palm payments at retailers by 2025 in partnership with biometrics software firm PopID.Â
Payments giant MasterCard similarly worked with PopID and other partners to introduce biometric payments in Brazil in 2022. In 2023, Mastercard said it was working with NEC to extend biometric payment features to the Asia Pacific Region.
Amazon began to introduce palm payments in 2020. In 2023, the company said it would bring the feature to its subsidiary, Whole Foods, in all US locations. It also described adoption at various restaurants, travel retailers, and sports and entertainment venues.
Apple, meanwhile, allows customers to use Face ID to authenticate Apple Pay payments. Unlike other approaches, merchants only need to support Apple Pay, leaving Apple users to choose to verify their payments with or without the biometric feature.
The sector is likely to grow, with one report from Goode Intelligence suggesting that biometric payments could surpass $5.76 trillion in 2026 with more than 3 billion users.